{"id":1639,"date":"2023-01-13T11:20:27","date_gmt":"2023-01-13T11:20:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/?p=1639"},"modified":"2023-01-31T18:52:40","modified_gmt":"2023-01-31T18:52:40","slug":"reclaiming-privacy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/index.php\/reclaiming-privacy\/","title":{"rendered":"Reclaiming privacy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n
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By\u00a0Samuel Woodhams\u00a0| Digital rights researcher and journalist<\/p>\n

Last week, WhatsApp announced\u00a0a new proxy support feature<\/a>\u00a0that will help people stay connected during internet disruptions. The app is often targeted by government censors because messages on the end-to-end encrypted service can\u2019t be intercepted, enabling people to organise protests and share critical information in private.
\n<\/p>\n

Last year alone, the app was blocked in\u00a0Russia<\/a>, Iran and Sri Lanka during periods of unrest.<\/p>\n

WhatsApp\u2019s new feature will help users connect to the app via proxies run by volunteers and organisations. Proxies disguise someone\u2019s internet traffic by rerouting it via an intermediary – the proxy server – before connecting to a website or app. This obscures WhatsApp\u2019s blocked IP addresses from a country\u2019s monitoring and censorship systems.<\/p>\n

In September,\u00a0Signal launched a similar feature<\/a>. It asked volunteers to promote their proxies on social media with the hashtag #IRanASignalProxy<\/a> but warned against publicly sharing the associated IP addresses, lest they also ended up being blocked by authorities.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"A<\/p>\n

A demonstrator checks her mobile phone inside a tent at a protest area, dubbed the Gota-Go village, where people are gathering in opposition to Sri Lanka’s President Gotabaya Rajapaksa near the Presidential Secretariat, amid the country’s economic crisis, in Colombo, Sri Lanka, April 12, 2022. REUTERS\/Dinuka Liyanawatte<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
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Cat and mouse game<\/h3>\n
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The battle between censorship and circumvention technology goes back to at least 2011, when activists in Egypt used\u00a0dial-up modems, Tor and the Speak2Tweet service<\/a>\u00a0to ensure their voices could still be heard abroad.<\/p>\n

Since then, the same dynamic has played out time and time again: an app or website is blocked, people scramble to find a way around the restrictions, then authorities try to restrict the circumvention methods. Once one method has been successfully shut down, people develop another technique, and the cycle continues.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s often a hugely unequal fight between well-resourced, technically advanced governments and volunteers, protesters and developers. However, if more multinationals like Meta get on board, this resource gap could be significantly narrowed.<\/p>\n

Recently, VPN apps,\u00a0bluetooth-enabled mesh networks<\/a>, and\u00a0Tor\u2019s snowflake proxy<\/a>\u00a0have also proved hugely important tools in the fight against repressive digital censorship. Unfortunately though, each has its limitations and relies heavily on external support.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"A<\/p>\n

A protester flashes a victory sign in front of a line of army soldiers near the cabinet in Cairo December 16, 2011. REUTERS\/Asmaa Waguih<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
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Circumvention tools<\/h3>\n
\n

Tools designed to circumvent restrictions and evade surveillance often face backlash from authorities. In Iran, for example, the government\u00a0recently said<\/a>\u00a0it would take legal action against \u201cunauthorised sellers of VPNs and circumvention tools\u201d after a huge number of people\u00a0turned to the technology during recent protests<\/a>, while several\u00a0VPN providers left India<\/a>\u00a0after authorities said last year that the firms must retain user data and IP addresses for up to five years.<\/p>\n

Additionally, many of the most effective circumvention tools require a high degree of technical knowledge which makes them difficult for most people to use. They also require significant upkeep, and a lot of the most popular tools simply don\u2019t live up to their promise of providing secure, anonymous web browsing.<\/p>\n

This means that educating people and preparing before restrictions are imposed is crucial for censorship circumvention efforts. So too is ensuring developers have access to the funds required to build and maintain apps that follow best practices.<\/p>\n

Last year, the U.S. government did exactly that and\u00a0increased funding to three VPN companies<\/a>\u00a0to accommodate the influx of users that emerged following heightened censorship in Russia.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"A<\/p>\n

A police motorcycle burns during a protest over the death of Mahsa Amini, a woman who died after being arrested by the Islamic republic’s “morality police”, in Tehran, Iran September 19, 2022. WANA (West Asia News Agency) via REUTERS<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
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Analogue solutions?<\/h3>\n
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Traditional forms of communication are often overlooked when discussing solutions to digital restrictions. But details of protests and other civic actions are still regularly spread via in-person meetings, pamphlets and landline connections around the world.<\/p>\n

In many regions with unstable internet connections, it\u2019s also possible to access digital content downloaded onto USB drives via informal marketplaces. The original data is either accessed by someone locally with a working internet connection or transferred across state borders on large hard drives.<\/p>\n

These forms of communication obviously have their risks, particularly in contexts in which the police act with impunity and the general dissemination of information is restricted. And they\u2019ll never be able to replicate the reach the internet affords activists and protesters.<\/p>\n

But they remain a crucial way of orchestrating demonstrations and advancing democratic freedoms around the world.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
\n
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The battle between censors and citizens is not static and, as repressive governments acquire increasingly sophisticated surveillance and censorship equipment, citizens will require increasingly advanced circumvention technology.<\/p>\n

So, while increased funding from governments and companies is undoubtedly a welcome step, for it to be truly effective their efforts must be sustained, holistic and unwavering.<\/p>\n

Any views expressed in this newsletter are those of the author and not of Context or the Thomson Reuters Foundation<\/em>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By\u00a0Samuel Woodhams\u00a0| Digital rights researcher and journalist Last week, WhatsApp announced\u00a0a new proxy support feature\u00a0that will help people stay connected during internet disruptions. TheRead More…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1640,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"googlesitekit_rrm_CAowu7GVCw:productID":"","_crdt_document":"","activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[924,4049,224,4050,359,823,4056,4054,776,364,4048,4051,687,4052,827,4057,4055,439,4053,826,2664,824,1454,888,744],"class_list":["post-1639","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-security","tag-censorship","tag-circumvention","tag-computing","tag-content-control-software","tag-digital-technology","tag-egypt","tag-gotabaya-rajapaksa","tag-great-firewall","tag-india","tag-information-and-communications-technology","tag-internet-censorship","tag-internet-censorship-circumvention","tag-internet-privacy","tag-internet-security","tag-iran","tag-iranasignalproxy","tag-mahsa-amini","tag-meta","tag-proxy-server","tag-russia","tag-samuel-woodhams-digital","tag-sri-lanka","tag-tehran","tag-thomson-reuters-foundation","tag-united-states"],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/unnamed.png","blog_images":{"medium":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/unnamed-300x208.png","large":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/unnamed.png"},"ams_acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nReclaiming privacy - 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