{"id":5853,"date":"2024-03-28T22:47:22","date_gmt":"2024-03-28T22:47:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/?p=5853"},"modified":"2024-05-04T17:09:05","modified_gmt":"2024-05-04T17:09:05","slug":"why-is-jesus-often-depicted-with-a-six-pack-the-muscular-messiah-reflects-christian-values-of-masculinity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/index.php\/why-is-jesus-often-depicted-with-a-six-pack-the-muscular-messiah-reflects-christian-values-of-masculinity\/","title":{"rendered":"Why is Jesus often depicted with a six-pack<\/span>? The muscular messiah reflects Christian values of\u00a0masculinity"},"content":{"rendered":"

Chris Greenough<\/a>, Edge Hill University<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Have you ever wondered why so many images depicting the crucifixion show Jesus with a very defined, slender and toned body? Either slim, but with a six-pack, or displaying muscles and brawn. While these images are hardly a reflection of what little can be surmised about the historical Jesus<\/a>, they certainly reflect social and cultural ideas about masculinity and idealised notions of manhood<\/a>. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

In many images of the crucifixion, Jesus is depicted as both strong and vulnerable. Crucifixion paintings showing a muscular messiah suggest that Jesus could perhaps physically have overcome his fate, had he wanted to. This interpretation of the crucifixion story amplifies the emotional and spiritual strength of his sacrifice.<\/p>\n

The Bible is full of strong men and pumped prophets. Working the land is Adam\u2019s punishment<\/a> for eating from the Tree of Knowledge. Noah builds a massive ark<\/a>, filling it with every bird, animal and food. Samson has superhuman<\/a> strength<\/a> in the book of Judges<\/a> \u2013 his only weakness is women.<\/p>\n

The opening of Matthew\u2019s Gospel<\/a> details Jesus\u2019 genealogy in detail, and it is clear that he has other hardmen in his DNA. It speaks of Abraham and David, particularly. In Genesis 14<\/a>, we learn how Abraham gathered an army of over 300 men and launched an attack to save his family. In Genesis 21<\/a>, he also fathers a child at the age of 100 \u2013 his son, Isaac. <\/p>\n

David is also mentioned as an ancestor of Jesus. He was famous for killing Goliath<\/a>, whose immense stature has been estimated as 9ft 9in<\/a>. In the Book of Samuel<\/a>, David kills 200 Philistine men and brings their foreskins<\/a> to King Saul, so that he will allow him to marry his daughter, Michal.<\/p>\n

While some portrayals of Jesus have caused outrage, like those, for example, that represent him as feminine or sexualised<\/a>, a similar outcry does not seem to follow the muscular Jesus. <\/p>\n

There is a story in the gospels of Jesus\u2019s physical strength, when he drives out<\/a> those who were buying and selling in the temple, overturning tables in his anger. In the New Testament, the gospels even narrate a Parable of the Strong Man<\/a>. <\/p>\n

The endurance of physical torture before the crucifixion has been well documented in religious iconography, such as the Stations of the Cross<\/a>, as well as in films such as Mel Gibson\u2019s The Passion of the Christ (2004). Jesus also has to be mentally strong to overcome Satan, so depictions of his physical strength are perhaps supposed to echo his superhuman, spiritual strength.<\/p>\n

\u2018Behold the man!\u2019<\/h2>\n

Paintings that depict Jesus with a six-pack have influenced factions of Christianity. In the 19th century, the idea of \u201cmuscular Christianity\u201d<\/a> took hold. The term, invented in 1857, describes those Christians who see moral and religious value in sports. <\/p>\n

In his book God\u2019s Gym<\/a> (1997), professor of religion Stephen Moore explores the quest for Jesus in a perfect human masculine form, and how this is connected to physical culture and male narcissism. Masculine Christian spirituality is often aligned with the values of courage, strength and power<\/a>.<\/p>\n

While his ministry isn\u2019t known for its exercise focus, Jesus\u2019s fitness can be seen in some interpretations of the gospels. He walked for 40 days in the vast wilderness<\/a> and carried a heavy cross<\/a> on his back. <\/p>\n

\n \"Jesus
\n An illustration from the Armenian Daniel of Uranc gospel (1433) showing the feeding of the 5,000.<\/span>
\n Matenadaran<\/a><\/span>
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Through the Eucharist (\u201ctake and eat, this is my body\u201d), Jesus\u2019s body became sacrament. This has palpable implications for many modern Christians. If Jesus\u2019s physical fitness is a sign of his holiness, then it is something to aspire to.<\/p>\n

Theologian Lisa Isherwood\u2019s book The Fat Jesus<\/a> (2008) explores Christian women\u2019s weight-loss cultures through programmes such as \u201cSlim for Him\u201d. Feminist theologian Hannah Bacon\u2019s book Feminist Theology and Contemporary Dieting Culture<\/a> (2019), meanwhile, analyses the problematic use of \u201csin\/syn\u201d to refer to \u201cbad\u201d foods in weight-loss programmes.<\/p>\n

For some Christians, depictions of Jesus as strong and muscular represent the ideal of a man\u2019s body. They interpret Biblical stories in ways that mirror these paintings. Many of these groups believe that Biblical ideas of masculinity are under attack<\/a>. In response, they put on events designed to attract men to church and promote the ideals of biblical manhood. Praising a muscular body ideal for men \u2013 and for Jesus \u2013 is part of that.<\/p>\n

So next time you\u2019re looking at a painting of Jesus in a church or gallery, do remember that such images reflect contemporary social and cultural attitudes to men\u2019s bodies, rather than authenticity, in their artistry. <\/p>\n

\n
\n \"\"
\n <\/span><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Looking for something good? Cut through the noise with a carefully curated selection of the latest releases, live events and exhibitions, straight to your inbox every fortnight, on Fridays. Sign up here<\/a>.<\/em>\"The<\/p>\n

\n

Chris Greenough<\/a>, Reader in Social Sciences, Edge Hill University<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

This article is republished from The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Chris Greenough, Edge Hill University Have you ever wondered why so many images depicting the crucifixion show Jesus with a very defined, slender andRead More…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5856,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"googlesitekit_rrm_CAowu7GVCw:productID":"","_crdt_document":"","activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"federate","footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[12147,1744,11032,12152,10811,12137,11028,722,5501,8934,12136,12155,11149,12141,12149,2500,12145,12140,12142,12150,12148,12139,12143,8817,2663,12151,12153,12156,12138],"class_list":["post-5853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-human-interest","tag-abraham","tag-adam","tag-caiaphas","tag-chris-greenough","tag-christian","tag-christian-iconography","tag-christology","tag-creative-commons","tag-david","tag-exorcists","tag-gender-and-christianity","tag-gibson-s","tag-god-in-christianity","tag-hannah-bacon","tag-isaac","tag-jesus","tag-lisa-isherwood","tag-masculinity","tag-matthew","tag-mel-gibson","tag-michal","tag-muscular-christianity","tag-noah","tag-samson","tag-samuel","tag-saul","tag-stephen-moore","tag-the-passion-of-the-christ","tag-women-in-christianity"],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/file-20240311-24-gmrsj8-1024x576.jpg","blog_images":{"medium":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/file-20240311-24-gmrsj8-300x169.jpg","large":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/file-20240311-24-gmrsj8-1024x576.jpg"},"ams_acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhy is Jesus often depicted with a six-pack? 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