{"id":6166,"date":"2024-07-05T07:56:20","date_gmt":"2024-07-05T07:56:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/?p=6166"},"modified":"2024-07-08T00:17:07","modified_gmt":"2024-07-08T00:17:07","slug":"uk-election-tory-downfall-is-democracy-rectifying-its-mistakes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/index.php\/uk-election-tory-downfall-is-democracy-rectifying-its-mistakes\/","title":{"rendered":"UK election: Tory downfall is democracy rectifying its\u00a0mistakes"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"theconversation-article-body\">\n<p>  <span><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/stephen-barber-1501937\">Stephen Barber<\/a>, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-east-london-924\">University of East London<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Democracies are no better than other forms of government at avoiding catastrophic mistakes. But they are much more effective at rectifying them. While the 2024 British general election might have seemed a long time coming, as the country meandered from one failure to the next, the utter scale of defeat for the Conservatives is testament to the ability of a democratic system to reject, reverse and renew.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>It also places a singular challenge on the desk of the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/keir-starmer-what-we-know-about-britains-new-prime-minister-and-how-he-will-lead-233175\">new prime minister, Keir Starmer<\/a>. He will be judged by his ability to restore probity to government and address the damage suffered by the country.<\/p>\n<p>It is easy to see this election in the tradition of other big defeats like 1997 or <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-1-349-25305-0_10\">1979<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/13619468708580899\">1964<\/a>. A powerful theme of \u201ctime for a change\u201d was at play and the governing party seemed to have run out of steam. It can even be interpreted as sending a powerful message to Rishi Sunak\u2019s Conservative party that voters wanted to inflict punishment for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/politics-of-competence\/0D4FA8D05F8A54F096E7376CBF91A3F4\">incompetence<\/a>, economic mismanagement and sleaze.<\/p>\n<p>But this one is more than that.<\/p>\n<p>The now former governing party, returned with a majority of 80 in 2019, has been beaten to within an inch of its life. A generation of politicians long criticised for <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/1467-923X.13296\">treating public life with contempt<\/a>, have been ejected from office and parliament. <\/p>\n<p>Step back, and this election can be seen as democracy rectifying the catalogue of its own glaring mistakes. Since the calamitous Brexit referendum eight years ago, Britain has suffered economic decay and a cost of living crisis (briefly exacerbated by Liz Truss and Kwasi Kwarteng\u2019s disastrous so-called <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/liz-trusss-mini-budget-looms-large-in-the-election-campaign-heres-why-it-was-such-a-disaster-231417\">\u201cmini-budget\u201d<\/a>). <\/p>\n<p>It has endured a government with a lengthy record of rule breaking reflected in the UK falling to its lowest ever ranking in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.transparency.org\/en\/countries\/united-kingdom\">Global Corruption Index<\/a>. It has seen dodgy pandemic procurement contracts handed out, party donors appointed to the House of Lords and a sustained attack on its <a href=\"https:\/\/consoc.org.uk\/the-consequences-of-johnson\/\">constitution, institutions, and rule of law<\/a>. Tiresome <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/the-uks-culture-war-is-dying-but-the-next-prime-minister-will-have-to-stand-up-to-plenty-of-populists-overseas-222637\">culture war crusades<\/a> have divided communities and polluted public life. <\/p>\n<p>Denigration of public services from education to the NHS to the armed forces, crises in housing, the climate and inequality have been left unchallenged. Damage has been done to the country\u2019s international reputation and relations strained with the UK\u2019s closest allies in Europe.<\/p>\n<p>What these errors have in common is that each one sits firmly at the door of 10 Downing Street and its four most recent inhabitants. This election emphatically draws a line under them.<\/p>\n<h2>Parties can fall<\/h2>\n<p>For so long in opposition and even during this campaign, Starmer\u2019s party has danced to the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/why-labour-and-the-conservatives-think-they-can-improve-the-country-without-raising-taxes-and-why-its-a-gamble-232113\">populist tune<\/a> of the government and its <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/why-legacy-media-brands-still-matter-in-the-uks-social-media-election-231622\">media cheerleaders<\/a>. The challenge for his new administration as it takes power is to recognise that this election is a watershed, a rejection of this catalogue of mistakes, and an expectation of political renewal.<\/p>\n<p>The more existential question is whether this election is also a watershed moment that will permanently change the shape of British politics. Could we be witnessing the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/the-conservative-party-1832-2024-an-obituary-233178\">demise of the Conservative party<\/a> and the end of its hegemonic position at the centre of public life?<\/p>\n<p>It happened to the previously dominant Liberal party a century ago when it split down the middle and was replaced by a new emerging Labour party. Such a shift is rare, of course, and requires some sort of major disruption. <\/p>\n<p>In the years following the fist world war, Labour\u2019s rise was fuelled by an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.parliament.uk\/about\/living-heritage\/transformingsociety\/electionsvoting\/womenvote\/case-study-the-right-to-vote\/the-right-to-vote\/birmingham-and-the-equal-franchise\/1918-representation-of-the-people-act\/\">extension in the franchise<\/a> so significant that it makes the proposed votes for today\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/votes-at-16-and-decent-citizenship-education-could-create-a-politically-aware-generation-232788\">1.5 million 16 and 17-year-olds<\/a> appear trifling. Indeed the Representation of the People acts more than doubled the electorate by giving the vote to women and the 40% of (working-class) men who were also previously disenfranchised.<\/p>\n<p>There is nothing quite so seismic heading Westminster\u2019s way today (though plans for automatic registration could <a href=\"https:\/\/www.msn.com\/en-us\/news\/world\/labour-plans-for-automatic-registration-would-add-millions-to-electoral-roll\/ar-BB1oWWKO?ocid=BingNewsVerp\">add millions of voters<\/a>). But the potential for comparison should not be dismissed. <\/p>\n<h2>Post-Brexit realignment, realigned<\/h2>\n<p>Party identification in the electorate, which has been in decline since the 1960s was turned on its head in 2019 when Boris Johnson\u2019s Tories won a swathe of red wall seats in the Midlands and the north of England. For the first time, Labour voters were wealthier than Conservative. Labour, of course, went down to its worst defeat since 1935. There was talk of a new political cleavage, where class divisions had been replaced by leavers and remainers.<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><em>Want more election coverage from The Conversation\u2019s academic experts? Over the coming weeks, we\u2019ll bring you informed analysis of developments in the campaign and we\u2019ll fact check the claims being made.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Sign up for our new, weekly <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/uk\/newsletters\/politics-weekly-170\">election newsletter<\/a><\/strong>, delivered every Friday throughout the campaign and beyond.<\/em><\/p>\n<hr>\n<p>That this has all been reversed in the space of one parliament demonstrates the incredible fluidity in the electorate today. The more than tripling of Liberal Democrat MPs on a similar vote share shows the determination of the electorate to vote tactically to remove Conservatives in spite of an electoral system that has <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/polls-predict-total-wipeout-for-the-tories-and-britains-constitution-makes-it-a-real-possibility-227202\">historically kept them in office<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>And then there is Reform. Nigel Farage\u2019s rag bag of a party has proved to be the ultimate protest vote for disenchanted Tory voters, attracted to the open acknowledgement that few if any seats could be won but the higher the vote, the harder the beating for the Conservatives.<\/p>\n<p>As it happens, millions more voted Reform than was reflected in their seat share. While there are some leading Tories who would still welcome him into the fold, Farage perhaps overplayed his hand during the campaign making the Conservatives defensive of a rival, hell bent on their destruction. Time will tell if the Conservatives can resist the onslaught but for now the psychodrama of the right will be a political sideshow to the main event: an innocent new government and a refreshed parliament.<\/p>\n<p>Britain\u2019s parliamentary democracy facilitated this catalogue of mistakes which have proved so damaging to the country over recent years. But in this election it has also proved highly effective at beginning the work to rectification. If Starmer gets a moment to catch his breath, he might reflect upon this as the key reason he has been handed such a decisive majority.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/233640\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1\/1;border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p>\n<p><span><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/stephen-barber-1501937\">Stephen Barber<\/a>, Professor of Global Affairs, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-east-london-924\">University of East London<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>This article is republished from <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/uk-election-tory-downfall-is-democracy-rectifying-its-mistakes-233640\">original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Stephen Barber, University of East London Democracies are no better than other forms of government at avoiding catastrophic mistakes. But they are much more<a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/index.php\/uk-election-tory-downfall-is-democracy-rectifying-its-mistakes\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6167,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"googlesitekit_rrm_CAowu7GVCw:productID":"","_crdt_document":"","activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"federate","footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[292,12171,295,722,11525,4222,1907,298,12505,867,12481,12502,12509,12508,12479,872,12491,12507,723,12503],"class_list":["post-6166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politics","tag-boris-johnson","tag-brexit","tag-conservative-party","tag-creative-commons","tag-jeremy-corbyn","tag-keir-starmer","tag-kwasi-kwarteng","tag-labour-party","tag-labour-party-leadership-of-keir-starmer","tag-liz-truss","tag-nigel-farage","tag-politics-of-the-united-kingdom","tag-premiership-of-boris-johnson","tag-premiership-of-theresa-may","tag-red-wall","tag-rishi-sunak","tag-scottish-labour","tag-stephen-barber","tag-united-kingdom","tag-united-kingdom-general-election"],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/file-20240705-17-awif0r-1024x683.jpg","blog_images":{"medium":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/file-20240705-17-awif0r-300x200.jpg","large":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/file-20240705-17-awif0r-1024x683.jpg"},"ams_acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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