{"id":7105,"date":"2024-12-26T13:54:45","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T13:54:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/?p=7105"},"modified":"2024-12-26T14:05:36","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T14:05:36","slug":"what-does-the-x-exodus-to-bluesky-mean-for-journalism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/index.php\/what-does-the-x-exodus-to-bluesky-mean-for-journalism\/","title":{"rendered":"What does the X exodus to Bluesky mean for\u00a0journalism"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"theconversation-article-body\">\n<p>  <span><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/craig-robertson-2283558\">Craig Robertson<\/a>, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-oxford-1260\">University of Oxford<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>When Elon Musk took over Twitter and changed its name to X, many users vowed to move to another platform. First was talk of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/media\/2022\/nov\/01\/mastodon-twitter-elon-musk-takeover\">shift to Mastodon<\/a> that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/the-mastodon-bump-is-now-a-slump\/\">never seemed to catch on<\/a>. Then Meta tried to make Threads appealing by linking the app to Instagram \u2013 but this hasn\u2019t <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/johnbbrandon\/2023\/08\/16\/the-real-reason-threads-is-struggling-to-hold-our-attention\/\">had much cut-through<\/a> either. <\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Now it\u2019s Bluesky\u2019s turn. In the weeks since the US election, the platform has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/articles\/c8dm0ljg4y6o\">grown rapidly<\/a> as users flee X.<\/p>\n<p>This is partly because Musk\u2019s involvement in Donald Trump\u2019s election campaign clearly showed where his political allegiances lay. But he has also fundamentally changed how people see X as a platform, particularly as a place to get good-quality journalism. <\/p>\n<p>Many of those flocking to Bluesky have been publishers, news organisations and journalists, sending a message that they no longer see X as a valuable space to post their reporting. A group of UK journalists signed an <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1dFfEZ8xl8GZChTl17FAoOghAQs-PFEaAyGH1y_vGk6E\/edit?tab=t.0#heading=h.682mjq1oo65y\">open letter<\/a> calling X \u201cno longer a useful tool for objective reporting\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Right now, Bluesky still remains very small compared to X. Getting official and widely agreed-upon user numbers is difficult, but estimates put X\u2019s worldwide userbase at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euronews.com\/my-europe\/2024\/11\/21\/are-users-leaving-elon-musks-x-en-masse-and-where-are-they-heading\">around 600 million<\/a>, with small declines in recent months. <\/p>\n<p>In comparison, Bluesky <a href=\"https:\/\/bsky.social\/about\/blog\/10-24-2024-series-a\">reported 13 million users<\/a> in October, with increases following the US election. Estimates vary wildly, however, if you choose different metrics like <a href=\"https:\/\/mashable.com\/article\/elon-musk-x-declining-user-base-2025\">daily active<\/a> or monthly active users.<\/p>\n<p>Our <a href=\"https:\/\/reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk\/digital-news-report\/2024\">2024 Digital News Report data<\/a> at the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (from surveys fielded in January) puts the proportion of adults using X for any purpose at 25% in both the US and UK. Meanwhile, 15% of people in the US and 14% of people in the UK report using X for news. Our figures are similar to those of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/fact-sheet\/social-media\/\">Pew Research Center<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ofcom.org.uk\/siteassets\/resources\/documents\/research-and-data\/tv-radio-and-on-demand-research\/tv-research\/news\/news-consumption-2024\/news-consumption-in-the-uk-2024-report.pdf?v=379621\">Ofcom<\/a>. <\/p>\n<p>As for Bluesky, usage barely registered in our 2024 data. Usage for any purpose was 2% in the US and 1% in the UK. <\/p>\n<p>Facebook and YouTube are still the most widely used platforms in the UK and US, followed by Instagram.<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Proportion of people using each platform\" aria-label=\"Table\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-YudMP\" data-src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/YudMP\/2\/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;\" height=\"448\" data-external=\"1\" width=\"100%\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" data-load-mode=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>But what is perhaps more important right now is looking at the specific organisations and individuals that are leaving X. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2023\/04\/12\/1169269161\/npr-leaves-twitter-government-funded-media-label\">NPR<\/a> was one of the first news brands to stop posting, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/media\/2024\/nov\/13\/why-the-guardian-is-no-longer-posting-on-x\">Guardian<\/a> followed. The European Federation of Journalists, which represents nearly 300,000 journalists, has said it will <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelondoneconomic.com\/news\/media\/european-federation-of-journalists-to-stop-posting-content-on-x-386598\/\">stop posting<\/a> on X from January, when Trump takes office. And some <a href=\"https:\/\/deadline.com\/gallery\/celebrities-who-have-left-x-twitter-election\/genesis-prize-award-dinner-in-honor-of-10th-anniversary-laureate-barbra-streisand\/\">celebrities<\/a> are also leaving.<\/p>\n<h2>Journalism on Twitter<\/h2>\n<p>Relative to its size, Twitter\/X has always had an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/letters\/archive\/2020\/02\/twitter-is-bad-for-the-news\/605782\/\">outsized impact<\/a> on public discourse. This is largely due to the types of people who were attracted to the platform and became heavy users: journalists, politicians, and other public figures. \u201cPower users\u201d on the platform drove public narratives in many ways. Twitter was where cultural and political debates happened. News broke on Twitter.<\/p>\n<p>Our <a href=\"https:\/\/reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk\/news\/heres-what-our-research-says-about-news-audiences-twitter-platform-now-known-x\">research<\/a> at the Reuters Institute from 2021 and 2023 showed this. People saw the platform as a good place to see breaking news, follow news publishers, and generally keep up with goings on. While Facebook was seen as a place to connect with friends and family, and YouTube a place to find entertainment, Twitter\u2019s brand was as a destination for up-to-date information.<\/p>\n<p>Musk\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/eu.usatoday.com\/story\/tech\/news\/2023\/10\/05\/elon-musk-twitter-news\/71066360007\/\">changes to X<\/a>, from complicating the \u201cblue tick\u201d verification system, to removing news headlines from links, to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.independent.co.uk\/tech\/elon-musk-x-news-links-b2653614.html\">deprioritising news and links<\/a>, have negatively affected the news industry, making the platform less appealing to publishers.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center \">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Elon Musk in a collared shirt and suit jacket, pressing his fingertips together and holding them up to his mouth\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/639788\/original\/file-20241219-17-u15ud2.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/639788\/original\/file-20241219-17-u15ud2.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=400&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/639788\/original\/file-20241219-17-u15ud2.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=400&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/639788\/original\/file-20241219-17-u15ud2.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=400&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/639788\/original\/file-20241219-17-u15ud2.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=503&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/639788\/original\/file-20241219-17-u15ud2.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=503&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/639788\/original\/file-20241219-17-u15ud2.jpg?ixlib=rb-4.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=503&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\" data-sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\"><figcaption>\n              <span class=\"caption\">Elon Musk has made several changes to X that have made it more difficult for journalists to share information.<\/span><br \/>\n              <span class=\"attribution\"><a class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shutterstock.com\/image-photo\/paris-france-june-16-2023-elon-2318800313\">Frederic Legrand\/Shutterstock<\/a><\/span><br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>As news brands and journalists leave, in their place Musk has appeared to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/politics\/how-elon-musk-uses-his-x-social-media-platform-to-amplify-right-wing-views\">boost the voices of right-leaning users<\/a>, while abandoning many of Twitter\u2019s content moderation policies and reframing X as a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/tech\/social-media\/elon-musk-turned-x-trump-echo-chamber-rcna174321\">right-wing social media platform<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Bluesky, on the other hand, has demonstrated appeal to the news industry, with reports of <a href=\"https:\/\/pressgazette.co.uk\/platforms\/bluesky-x-traffic-guardian-boston-globe-news\/\">better referral traffic<\/a>, a chronological timeline that <a href=\"https:\/\/reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk\/news\/these-reporters-wrote-book-musks-twitter-takeover-heres-what-they-think-next-journalism-and-x\">suits breaking news<\/a>, the ability to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.poynter.org\/business-work\/2024\/which-social-network-bluesky-threads-x-pros-cons\/\">customise feeds<\/a> and a general <a href=\"https:\/\/www.niemanlab.org\/2024\/11\/among-apps-vying-to-replace-twitter-bluesky-may-have-the-news-and-innovation-edge\/\">creative spark<\/a> that some say reminds them of early Twitter.<\/p>\n<p>For those remaining on X, the experience for many has been a steady increase in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rollingstone.com\/culture\/culture-features\/elon-musk-twitter-misinformation-timeline-1235076786\/\">misinformation<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/article\/2024\/sep\/05\/racism-misogyny-lies-how-did-x-become-so-full-of-hatred-and-is-it-ethical-to-keep-using-it\">hate speech<\/a> and general toxicity, fuelled by Musk\u2019s changes to the platform. With many reliable news publishers leaving, there is the risk that <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/news-influencers-are-racking-up-billions-of-views-and-not-checking-their-facts-244789\">less reliable sources<\/a> are further amplified.<\/p>\n<h2>The new \u2018it\u2019 place<\/h2>\n<p>It is possible, because of the migration of certain types of users, that the popularity of Bluesky is overstated. If journalists, academics and other professionals see all their friends and colleagues popping up on Bluesky, it may give the impression that a wider movement is underway \u2013 but this could be a mistake.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, it may be precisely who is moving to Bluesky that matters. What the shift among social media power users (journalists, politicians, public figures) may do is encourage others to join. <\/p>\n<p>If the buzz maintains its current level, more people may sign up to be part of it. Once there, they may see Bluesky\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newsweek.com\/bluesky-anti-toxicity-features-twitter-x-rival-1946192\">\u201canti-toxic\u201d<\/a> features, including the ability to hide replies and filter notifications, and come to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pcworld.com\/article\/2533396\/switching-from-x-twitter-to-bluesky-pros-and-cons.html\">like the user experience<\/a>, as many journalists have.<\/p>\n<p>The key to whether it can really \u201creplace\u201d Twitter as a driver of news will be in how many people ultimately move. What\u2019s always required to make a platform successful is a critical mass \u2013 enough people being there to make it feel useful and interesting, making you want to come back. <\/p>\n<p>If people initially joined Twitter because that\u2019s where the up-to-date conversations were happening, then Bluesky may benefit from becoming the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/tech\/social-media\/bluesky-x-becomes-social-media-rcna181685\">new \u201cit\u201d place<\/a>, supplanting X\/Twitter\u2019s former status as the place to be. <\/p>\n<p>However, Bluesky could still go the way of other X competitors if it doesn\u2019t maintain momentum and reach that critical mass. We\u2019ve seen plenty of hype cycles before.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/246296\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1\/1;border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer-when-downgrade\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p>\n<p><span><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/craig-robertson-2283558\">Craig Robertson<\/a>, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-oxford-1260\">University of Oxford<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>This article is republished from <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/what-does-the-x-exodus-to-bluesky-mean-for-journalism-246296\">original article<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Craig Robertson, University of Oxford When Elon Musk took over Twitter and changed its name to X, many users vowed to move to another<a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/index.php\/what-does-the-x-exodus-to-bluesky-mean-for-journalism\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7106,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"googlesitekit_rrm_CAowu7GVCw:productID":"","_crdt_document":"","activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":3,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"federate","footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[13484,13731,722,108,2852,435,13730,13727,445,450,13611,13728,13729,1168,10863,723,744],"class_list":["post-7105","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-media","tag-bluesky","tag-craig-robertson","tag-creative-commons","tag-donald-trump","tag-elon-musk","tag-facebook","tag-frederic","tag-mastodon","tag-social-media","tag-social-networking-services","tag-social-software","tag-threads","tag-tweet","tag-twitter","tag-twitter-under-elon-musk","tag-united-kingdom","tag-united-states"],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/file-20241219-15-cpv9f2-1024x683.jpg","blog_images":{"medium":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/file-20241219-15-cpv9f2-300x200.jpg","large":"https:\/\/mpelembe.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/file-20241219-15-cpv9f2-1024x683.jpg"},"ams_acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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